Showing posts with label 2/15. Show all posts
Showing posts with label 2/15. Show all posts

Sunday, April 9, 2023

The Perspective.

 ...And The Parlance.

----------------©---------------

Chapter 2 Verses 12 to 27

--

With special reference to, and the focus on the concept of suicide

--

First the verses :

अध्याय २ --

आत्मा की निजता और नित्यता :

The Immortal and The Eternal :

आत्मन् / The  Self :

न त्वेवाहं जातु नासं न त्वं नेमे जनाधिपाः।।

न चैव न भविष्यामः सर्वे वयमतः परम्।।१२।।

देहिनोऽस्मिन्यथा देहे कौमारं यौवनं जरा।।

तथा देहान्तरप्राप्तिर्धीरो तत्र न मुह्यति।।१३।।

नित्य-अनित्य, विषयों, विषय-भोगों और संसार की अनित्यता का विवेक और तितिक्षा :

The Unreal, Temporal and transient and the Real Intransient.

मात्रास्पर्शास्तु कौन्तेय शीतोष्णसुखदुःखदाः।।

आगमापायिनोऽनित्या तांस्तितिक्षस्व भारत।।१४।।

यं हि न व्यथयन्त्येते पुरुषं पुरुषर्षभ।।

समदुःखसुखं धीरं सोऽमृतत्वाय कल्पते।।१५।।

सत् और असत:

What Exists and what appears to exist :

नासतो विद्यते भावो नाभावो विद्यते सतः।।

उभयोरपि दृष्टोऽन्तस्त्वनयोस्तत्त्वदर्शिभिः।।१६।।

देह की नश्वरता और देही की नित्यता :

The body is perishable while the one who possesses the body - the consciousness is imperishable.

अविनाशी तु तद्विद्धि येन सर्वमिदं ततम्।।

विनाशमव्ययस्यास्य न कश्चित्कर्तुमर्हति।।१७।।

अन्तवन्त इमे देहा नित्यस्योक्ताः शरीरिणः।। 

अनाशिनोऽप्रमेयस्य तस्माद्युध्यस्व भारत।।१८।।

"पता न होना और पता नहीं है" - यह भी पता न होना :

Not knowing the not-knowing!

In-attention to / of the ignorance! 

य एनं वेत्ति हन्तारं यश्चैनं मन्यते हतम्।।

उभौ तौ न विजानीतो नायं हन्ति न हन्यते।।१९।।

आत्मा का नित्य, सनातन, और शाश्वत स्वरूप :

Indestructible, imperishable, ever-existing Timeless Reality of the Self :

न जायते म्रियते वा कदाचिन्नायं भूत्वाऽभविता वा न भूयः।।

अजो नित्यः शाश्वतोऽयं पुराणो न हन्यते हन्यमाने शरीरे।।२०।।

वेदाविनाशिनं नित्यं य एनमजमव्ययम्।।

कथं स पुरुषः पार्थ कं घातयति हन्ति कम्।।२१।।

Transition from one life to the another / the next : Reincarnation :

वासांसि जीर्णानि यथा विहाय नवानि गृह्णाति नरोऽपराणि।।

तथा शरीराणि विहाय जीर्णान्यन्यानि संयाति नवानि देही।।२२।।

नैनं छिन्दन्ति शस्त्राणि नैनं दहति पावकः।।

न चैनं क्लेदयन्त्यापो न शोषयति मारुतः।।२३।।

अच्छेद्योऽयमदाह्योऽयमक्लेद्योऽशोष्य एव च।।

नित्यः सर्वगतः स्थाणुरचलोऽयं सनातनः।।२४।।

अव्यक्तोऽयमचिन्त्योऽयमविकार्योऽयमुच्यते।।

तस्मादेवं विदित्वैनं नानुशोचितुमर्हसि ।।२५।।

विकल्प  / Alternatively :

अथ चैनं नित्यजातं नित्यं वा मन्यसे मृतम्।।

तथापि त्वं महाबाहो नैव शोचितुमर्हसि।।२५।।

Why? If you take yourself to be this person who was born, has been given a name, and has a history, biography, and is eventually  going to die, then also you need not grieve!

Because :

जातस्य हि ध्रुवो मृत्युर्ध्रुवं जन्म मत्स्य च।।

तस्मादपरिहार्येऽर्थे न त्वं शोचितुमर्हसि।।२७।।

The many "selves" :

There is the body which thinks not, 

There is the mind that appears to think,

There is yet another thought : "I am".

Sometimes we think "I am this body" for example when we need to refer to oneself, -- like when we say :

"I am going,  coming, I am here, I was there, at some other place, I am sick, tired, child, old, young", etc.

And at times we refer to oneself according to the state of the mind - like when we say :

"I am happy, worried, excited, depressed or anxious etc."

Then again we tend to think :

"I am skilled, intellectual, scholar, erudite, knowledgeable, ..."

Obviously I never undergo any change and we do know this reality without any effort whatsoever.

So there is a stream of thoughts that emerge and subside moment to moment.

So the thought : "I was born and shall die," is but a thought like so many different, other and various thoughts.

"I want to die, I will kill myself" - are even so thoughts only that emerge out from and then submerge into the source unknown to them. This source is ever so unborn and immortal  deathless underlying principle, the Reality, - The consciousness which is sentience with reference to the body, thought and the mind.

So the question of suicide or killing oneself is just ridiculous, absurd and senseless.

But if interested, earnest eager to know, one can sure sunk deep and enquire about what us "the death"? Is not it a only a meaningless superficial word!

No one can ever kill oneself, nor be get killed by someone else.

Though, as it appears, we see others die, and overwhelmed by the thought of death, think "I too shall die at some point in time." That is but an assumption only. Neither through the experience, logic, nor the example, we could prove it! Even if we really die, how could we affirm "I am dead"

We simply neither know nor understand what is death, and we just imagine, form a mental image of death, and think "I will die, or will kill myself"

***



 





Tuesday, August 13, 2019

अमुत्र, अमूढाः, अमृतत्वाय, अमृतस्य

श्रीमद्भगवद्गीता
शब्दानुक्रम -Index 
--
अमुत्र 6/40,
अमूढाः 15/5,
अमृतत्वाय 2/15,
अमृतस्य 14/27,
--   

Wednesday, August 6, 2014

आज का श्लोक, ’व्यथयन्ति’ / ’vyathayanti’

आज का श्लोक,
’व्यथयन्ति’ / ’vyathayanti’
_____________________

’व्यथयन्ति’ / ’vyathayanti’ - व्यथित करते हैं,

अध्याय 2, श्लोक 15,

यं हि न व्यथयन्त्येते पुरुषं पुरुषर्षभ ।
समदुःखसुखं धीरं सोऽमृतत्वाय कल्पते ॥
--
(यम् हि न व्यथयन्ति एते पुरुषम् पुरुषर्षभ ।
समदुःखसुखम् धीरम् सः अमृतत्वाय कल्पते ॥)
--
भावार्थ :
हे पुरुषश्रेष्ठ (अर्जुन)! जिस मनुष्य को (इन्द्रियाँ और विषयों से उनका संयोग) ये दोनों  व्याकुल नहीं कर पाते, जो सुख और दुःख का सामना समान धैर्य के साथ कर लेता है, वह अवश्य ही अमृतत्व का भागी होता है ।
--
’व्यथयन्ति’ / ’vyathayanti’ - torment, trouble,
 
Chapter 2, श्लोक 15,

yaṃ hi na vyathayantyete 
puruṣaṃ puruṣarṣabha |
samaduḥkhasukhaṃ dhīraṃ 
so:'mṛtatvāya kalpate ||
--
(yam hi na vyathayanti ete 
puruṣam puruṣarṣabha |
samaduḥkhasukham dhīram 
saḥ amṛtatvāya kalpate ||)
--
Meaning : O noble among the men, One who is not tormented by these two (the contact of the senses with their specific objects), who is unmoved when coming across pleasures and pains caused by them, sure wins the state of immortality /liberation. 
--

Tuesday, July 29, 2014

आज का श्लोक, ’शीतोष्णसुखदुःखदाः’ / ’śītoṣṇasukhaduḥkhadāḥ’

आज का श्लोक,
’शीतोष्णसुखदुःखदाः’ / ’śītoṣṇasukhaduḥkhadāḥ’ 
____________________________________

’शीतोष्णसुखदुःखदाः’ / ’śītoṣṇasukhaduḥkhadāḥ’

अध्याय 2, श्लोक 14,

मात्रास्पर्शास्तु कौन्तेय शीतोष्णसुखदुःखदाः
आगमापायिनोऽनित्यास्तांस्तितिक्षस्व भारत ॥
--
(मात्रास्पर्शाः तु कौन्तेय शीतोष्णसुखदुःखदाः
आगमापायिनः अनित्याः तान् तितिक्षस्व भारत ॥)
--
भावार्थ : विषयों से इन्द्रियों के स्पर्शमात्र जो शीत और ऊष्णता, सुख अथवा दुख (की प्रतीति) देनेवाले होते हैं, आने और चले जानेवाले और (इसलिए) अनित्य होते हैं । हे भारत (अर्जुन), उनके प्रति तितिक्षा का व्यवहार करो ।
--
टिप्पणी :
1. तितिक्षा क्या है?
’सहनं सर्वदुःखानामप्रतीकारपूर्वकम् ।
चिन्ताविलापरहितं सा तितिक्षा निगद्यते ।"
(विवेकचूडामणि, 24)
अर्थात् अनायास प्राप्त होनेवाले समस्त दुःखों का प्रतिरोध न करते हुए, उनकी चिन्ता या शोक न करते हुए उन्हें शान्तिपूर्वक सह लेना, इसे ही तितिक्षा कहा जाता है ।
2. तितिक्षा के अभ्यास से शीत-ऊष्णता, सुख-दुःख आदि ये द्वन्द्व चित्त को व्यथित नहीं करते, इस अध्याय 2 के अगले ही श्लोक 15 कहा गया है कि जिसे ये व्यथित नहीं करते वह धीर अमृतत्व को प्राप्त होता है ।

अध्याय 2, श्लोक 15,

यं हि न व्यथयन्त्येते पुरुषं पुरुषर्षभ ।
समदुःखसुखं धीरं सोऽमृतत्वाय कल्पते ॥
--
(यम् हि न व्यथयन्ति एते पुरुषम् पुरुषर्षभ ।
समदुःखसुखम् धीरम् सः अमृतत्वाय कल्पते ॥)
--
भावार्थ :
और जिस पुरुष को ये द्वन्द्व व्यथित नहीं कर पाते, हे पुरुषश्रेष्ठ (अर्जुन)! दुःख अथवा सुख के प्रति समभाव रखनेवाला ऐसा धैर्यशील पुरुष अमृतत्व को प्राप्त हो जाता है ।    
--
’शीतोष्णसुखदुःखदाः’ / ’śītoṣṇasukhaduḥkhadāḥ’ - feelings of opposites like heat and cold, pleasure and pain,


Chapter 2, śloka 14,

mātrāsparśāstu kaunteya
śītoṣṇasukhaduḥkhadāḥ |
āgamāpāyino:'nityās-
tāṃstitikṣasva bhārata ||
--
(mātrāsparśāḥ tu kaunteya
śītoṣṇasukhaduḥkhadāḥ |
āgamāpāyinaḥ anityāḥ
tān titikṣasva bhārata ||)
--
Meaning :
The perceptions of heat and cold, pleasure and pain, caused by the contacts of the senses with their respective objects are appearances and transient. O bhārata (arjuna)! Bear with them (tān titikṣasva) with due patience (dhairyam) .  
--
Note :
1 titikṣā (endurance) is the attitude towards the conflicts like heat and cold, pleasure and pain. One who is strong enough to face with them with calm and is no more perturbed by them attains the immortality / the deathless (amṛtatva). The same has been elaborated in the very next śloka 15 of this chapter 2 of śrīmadbhagvadgītā.
--
Chapter 2, śloka 15,

yaṃ hi na vyathayantyete
puruṣaṃ puruṣarṣabha |
samaduḥkhasukhaṃ dhīraṃ
so:'mṛtatvāya kalpate ||
--
(yam hi na vyathayanti ete
puruṣam puruṣarṣabha |
samaduḥkhasukham dhīram
saḥ amṛtatvāya kalpate ||)
--
Meaning : O noble among the men, One who is not tormented by these two (the contact of the senses with their specific objects), who is unmoved when coming across pleasures and pains caused by them, sure wins the state of immortality / liberation.
--

Monday, July 7, 2014

आज का श्लोक, ’समदुःखसुखम्’ / ’samaduḥkhasukham’

आज का श्लोक,
’समदुःखसुखम्’ / ’samaduḥkhasukham’ 
___________________________________

’समदुःखसुखम्’ / ’samaduḥkhasukham’ - सुख दुख को एक समान समझनेवाले को,

अध्याय 2, श्लोक 15,

यं हि न व्यथयन्त्येते पुरुषं पुरुषर्षभ ।
समदुःखसुखं धीरं सोऽमृतत्वाय कल्पते ॥
--
(यम् हि न व्यथयन्ति एते पुरुषम् पुरुषर्षभ ।
समदुःखसुखम् धीरम् सः अमृतत्वाय कल्पते ॥)
--
भावार्थ :
हे पुरुषश्रेष्ठ (अर्जुन)! जिस मनुष्य को (इन्द्रियाँ और विषयों से उनका संयोग) ये दोनों  व्याकुल नहीं कर पाते, जो सुख और दुःख का सामना समान धैर्य के साथ कर लेता है, वह अवश्य ही अमृतत्व का भागी होता है ।
--
’समदुःखसुखम्’ / ’samaduḥkhasukham’ - treating the pleasures and the pains alike,

Chapter 2, श्लोक 15,

yaṃ hi na vyathayantyete
puruṣaṃ puruṣarṣabha |
samaduḥkhasukhaṃ dhīraṃ
so:'mṛtatvāya kalpate ||
--
(yam hi na vyathayanti ete
puruṣam puruṣarṣabha |
samaduḥkhasukham dhīram
saḥ amṛtatvāya kalpate ||)
--
Meaning :
O noble among the men ( arjuna) ! One who is not tormented by these two (the contact of the senses with their specific objects), who is unmoved when coming across pleasures and pains caused by them, sure wins the state of immortality / liberation.
--

Wednesday, April 30, 2014

आज का श्लोक, ’सः’ / ’saḥ’ (2)

आज का श्लोक, ’सः’ / ’saḥ’ (2)
__________________________

’सः’ / ’saḥ’ - वह,

अध्याय 2, श्लोक 15,

यं हि न व्यथयन्त्येते पुरुषं पुरुषर्षभ ।
समदुःखसुखं धीरं सोऽमृतत्वाय कल्पते ॥
--
(यम् हि न व्यथयन्ति एते पुरुषम् पुरुषर्षभ ।
समदुःखसुखम् धीरम् सः अमृतत्वाय कल्पते ॥)
--
भावार्थ :
हे पुरुषश्रेष्ठ (अर्जुन)! जिस मनुष्य को (इन्द्रियाँ और विषयों से उनका संयोग) ये दोनों  व्याकुल नहीं कर पाते, जो सुख और दुःख का सामना समान धैर्य के साथ कर लेता है, वह अवश्य ही अमृतत्व की प्राप्ति का भागी होता है ।
--

अध्याय 2, श्लोक 21,

वेदाविनाशिनं नित्यं य एनमजमव्ययं ।
कथं पुरुषः पार्थ कं घातयति हन्ति कं ॥
--
(वेद अविनाशिनम् नित्यम् यः एनम् अजम् अव्ययम् ।
कथम् सः पुरुषः पार्थ कम् घातयति हन्ति कम् ॥)
--
भावार्थ :
जो पुरुष इस अविनाशी, अजन्मा आत्मा को अनश्वर जानता है, हे पृथापुत्र(अर्जुन)! वह किसे मार सकता है और उसके लिए किसे किसी के माध्यम से मारा जाना भी संभव है?
--    
अध्याय 2, श्लोक 70,

आपूर्यमाणमचलप्रतिष्ठं
समुद्रमापः प्रविशन्ति यद्वत् ।
तद्वत्कामा यं प्रविशन्ति सर्वे
शान्तिमाप्नोति न कामकामी ॥
--
(आपूर्यमाणम्-अचलप्रतिष्ठम्
समुद्रम् आपः प्रविशन्ति यद्वत् ।
तद्वत् कामाः यम् प्रविशन्ति सर्वे
सः शान्तिम् आप्नोति न कामकामी ॥)
--
भावार्थ :
जैसे सब ओर से परिपूर्ण अचल और अपने-आप में सुस्थिर समुद्र में भिन्न भिन्न स्रोतों से आनेवाली सारी नदियाँ समा जाती हैं और वह यथावत् अविचलित ही रहता है, उसी प्रकार विभिन्न कामनाएँ जिस मनुष्य को (उसकी आत्मा से) बाहर न खींचती हुई, उसमें ही समाहित हो जाती हैं, वही मनुष्य शान्ति प्राप्त कर लेता है, न कि वह जिसका चित्त विभिन्न कामनाओं से आकर्षित हुआ इधर उधर भटकता रहता है ।
--  

अध्याय 2, श्लोक 71,

विहाय कामान्यः सर्वान्पुमांश्चरति निःस्पृहः ।
निर्ममो निरहङ्कारः शान्तिमधिगच्छति ॥
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(विहाय कामान् यः सर्वान् पुमान् चरति निःस्पृहः ।
निर्ममः निरहङ्कारः सः शान्तिम् अधिगच्छति ॥)
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भावार्थ :
और, जो पुरुष कामनाओं को त्यागकर, ममत्व से रहित, अहंकार से रहित, स्पृहा (अर्थात् ईर्ष्या / लालसा) से भी रहित हुआ आचरण करता है, वह शान्ति को प्राप्त होता है ।
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’सः’ / ’saḥ’ - He,

Chapter 2, shloka 15,

yaṃ hi na vyathayantyete
puruṣaṃ puruṣarṣabha |
samaduḥkhasukhaṃ dhīra
so:'mṛtatvāya kalpate ||
--
(yam hi na vyathayanti ete
puruṣam puruṣarṣabha |
samaduḥkhasukham dhīram
saḥ amṛtatvāya kalpate ||)
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Meaning : O noble among the men, One who is not tormented by these two (the contact of the senses with their specific objects), who is unmoved when coming across pleasures and pains caused by them, sure wins the state of immortality /liberation.
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Chapter 2, shloka 21,

vedāvināśinaṃ nityaṃ
ya enamajamavyayaṃ |
kathaṃ sa puruṣaḥ pārtha
kaṃ ghātayati hanti kaṃ ||
--
(veda avināśinam nityam
yaḥ enam ajam avyayam |
katham saḥ puruṣaḥ pārtha
kam ghātayati hanti kam ||)
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Meaning :
How can one who knows, this (Self) is imperishable, eternal, never born, and immutable, he himself kill or get some-one killed by another?  

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Chapter 2, shloka 70,

āpūryamāṇamacalapratiṣṭhaṃ
samudramāpaḥ praviśanti yadvat |
tadvatkāmā yaṃ praviśanti sarve
sa śāntimāpnoti na kāmakāmī ||
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(āpūryamāṇam-acalapratiṣṭham
samudram āpaḥ praviśanti yadvat |
tadvat kāmāḥ yam praviśanti sarve
saḥ śāntim āpnoti na kāmakāmī ||)
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Meaning : Just as, the waters coming from all the directions enter and merge into the ocean, and the ocean stays steady and unaffected, quite so, only the one who is not affected by the desires that come to and merge into his mind wins the state of peace. And not the one, who keeps thinking of and indulging in desires.

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Chapter 2, shloka 71,

vihāya kāmānyaḥ sarvān-
pumāṃścarati niḥspṛhaḥ |
nirmamo nirahaṅkāraḥ
sa śāntimadhigacchati ||
--
(vihāya kāmān yaḥ sarvān
pumān carati niḥspṛhaḥ |
nirmamaḥ nirahaṅkāraḥ
saḥ śāntim adhigacchati ||)
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Meaning :
One who has forsaken all desire, and lives peacefully contented thus, having no attachment nor ego, abides ever in bliss supreme.

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